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No state policy.
Administrative Code R7-6-215 (2001) requires each general, science, and art classroom to have a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system that is "capable of maintaining a CO2 (carbon dioxide level) of not more than 800 PPM above the ambient CO2 level (outside air)."
ARS 15-2002 (no date available) requires the state school facilities board to provide information on improving and maintaining indoor environmental quality to school districts every two years.
The Air Resources Board (ARB) and Department of Health Services (DHS) recently completed a study of the environmental health conditions in California portable and traditional classrooms. Some key suggestions and links to help schools and school districts assure a healthful and productive learning environment for their students are available online at http://www.arb.ca.gov/research/indoor/pcs/pcs.htm
California does not have a policy specifically addressing the cleanliness of school buildings. The Cal/OSHA (Department of Industrial Relations, Division of Occupational Safety and Health) does, however, enforce California Code of Regulation Title 8, Division 1, Chapter 4, Subchapter 7, Group 2, Article 9, 3362 (no date available), which requires that buildings be kept in a clean, sanitary condition, that unsanitary conditions such as mold be cleaned up, and that exterior water intrusion or other moisture leakage and accumulation be corrected. Schools are workplaces, and can be covered under this regulation.
California Code of Regulations 01350 (no date available) is a Special Environmental Requirements standard specification that has been developed in California to cover key environmental performance issues in State owned or leased buildings related to the selection and handling of building materials in construction along with a range of other sustainable design issues, such as energy water and other efficiency. The Collaborative for High Performance Schools (CHPS), a consortium of public agencies and California utilities, incorporates California Code of Regulations 01350 (no date available) provisions into their Best Practices Manual which provide options schools can select for designing and constructing healthy, energy-efficient buildings. The manual and additional information is available online at http://www.ciwmb.ca.gov/GreenBuilding/Schools/.
Green Cleaning: Public Act 09-81 (2009) defines “green cleaning program,” and “environmentally preferable cleaning product. The Public Act requires each local and regional board of education to implement a green cleaning program for the cleaning and maintenance of school building and facilities in its district. It prohibits the use of a cleaning product inside a school unless it meets guidelines or environmental standards set by national or international environmental certification approved by the USDA, in consultation with the Commissioner of Environmental Protection. It requires that the annual school facility survey form to include questions regarding the phase-in of green cleaning programs at schools. Each local and regional board of education must provide school staff, and upon request, parents and guardians with a written statement of the school district’s green cleaning program. Requirements of the notice are outlined in the statute.
Statute Chapter 170, Section 10-220(d) (2003) requires schools to adopt and implement an indoor air quality program that provides for ongoing maintenance and improvement of indoor air quality in its facilities and inspection of school buildings as required.
Statue Chapter 170, Section 10-231f states that each local or regional board of education may establish an indoor air quality committee to increase staff and student awareness of facets of the environment that affect the health of the occupants of school facilities. In addition, Chapter 170, Section 10-231f prohibits any local or regional board of education from prhobibiting the school safety committee from addressing indoor air quality issues that affect the health of occupants of school facilities.
Public Act 09-81 (2009) Requires that a local or regional board of education to provide a uniform inspection and evaluation program (such as Indoor Air Quality Tools for Schools) of the indoor air quality of every school building that is or has been constructed, extended, renovated or replaced on or after January 1, 2003. The inspection and evaluation program must include a review, inspection or evaluation of the following: (1) The heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems; (2) radon levels in the water and the air; (3) potential for exposure to microbiological airborne particles, including, but not limited to, fungi, mold and bacteria; (4) chemical compounds of concern to indoor air quality including, but not limited to, volatile organic compounds; (5) the degree of pest infestation, including, but not limited to, insects and rodents; (6) the degree of pesticide usage; (7) the presence of and the plans for removal of any hazardous substances that are contained on the list prepared pursuant to Section 302 of the federal Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act, 42 USC 9601 et seq. ; (8) ventilation systems; (9) plumbing, including water distribution systems, drainage systems and fixtures; (10) moisture incursion; (11) the overall cleanliness of the facilities; (12) building structural elements, including, but not limited to, roofing, basements or slabs; (13) the use of space, particularly areas that were designed to be unoccupied; and (14) the provision of indoor air quality maintenance training for building staff. Local and regional boards of education must make available for public inspection the results of the inspection and evaluation at a regularly scheduled board of education meeting and on the board's or each individual school's website.
Section 501 of the Healthy Students Act of 2010 establishes an environmental programs office in the Office of Public Education Facilities Modernization that shall promote the Environmental Protection Agency’s Indoor Air Quality Tools for Schools Program to reduce exposure to environmental factors that impact asthma among children and adults in public schools.
Sections 18-2148.3 and 20-900.1 of the District of Columbia Municipal Regulations (18 DCMR § 2148.3 and 20 DCMR § 900.1) includes limits for idling of gasoline or diesel powered motor vehicles on public or private space, including public vehicles for hire, buses with a seating capacity of 12 or more, and school buses. Specific limitations are outlined in the statute.
No state policy. Districts abide by EPA indoor air quality standards.
Statute 1001.42(16)(a) (2007) requires the district school board to maintain a system of school improvement and education accountability. This system shall be consistent with, and implemented through, the district's continuing system of planning and budgeting and requires the board to annually approve and require implementation of a school improvement plan for each school in the district. Plans must address certain state educational priorities and student performance standards and be based on an analysis of student achievement and other school performance data. This statute was amended by Chapter 2004-255, Laws of Florida, to require school improvement plans to address other issues including indoor environmental air quality.
Statute 1013.12 (2007) requires the Commissioner of Education to adopt and administer rules prescribing safety and health standards for occupants of educational and ancillary plants as part of the State Uniform Building Code for Public Educational Facilities. Each board shall prescribe policies and procedures establishing a comprehensive program of safety and sanitation for the protection of occupants in the educational and ancillary plants. The requirements include annual fiscal year inspection of each facility to determine compliance with standards of casualty safety as prescribed in the rules of the commissioner. Furthermore, a provision provides for annual fire safety inspections by a Certified Fire Marshall with the subsequent report outlining a plan of action as well as the schedule for corrective action. In addition to each board, the statute also allows safety or sanitation inspections to be conducted at any time by the Department of Education or any other state or local agency of any educational or ancillary plant.
Statute 1013.37 through 1013.38 (2007) further emphasizes that all public educational or ancillary plants must conform to the State Uniform Building Code for Public Educational Facilities Construction and such educational plants are exempt from all other state, county, district, municipal and local building codes. Each board is required to provide for periodic inspection during the construction phase of educational plants. It is the responsibility of each district school board and community college district board of trustees to ensure all plans and educational and ancillary plants meet the standards of the Uniform Building Code and to provide enforcement of this code. Inspectors are required to be certified under chapter 468 to administer and enforce the provisions of the code.
Deviations from the adopted standards require the district school board to conduct a public hearing to quantify and demonstrate comparative costs as well as provide an explanation for the proposed deviations from the adopted standards.
Before a contract has been let for construction, the board must approve the phase III construction documents. The board may not occupy a facility until the project has been inspected to verify compliance with statutes, rules and codes affecting the health and safety of the occupants. The board shall maintain a record of the project completion and permanently archive of phase III construction documents.
No state policy.
HB 1295 (2005) requires the department of education to ensure that paint and buildings of school facilities must be tested for asbestos prior to any renovations or painting.
Green Cleaning: Statute 302A-1509 (2010) requires the department of education to require that all public school facilities give first preference, when feasible, to the purchase and use of environmentally-sensitive cleaning and maintenance products that have been approved by the Green Seal program pursuant to section 321-26.5, for use in public school facilities. The categories of cleaning are outlined in the statute. Statute 321-26.5 (2010) requires the Department of Health to maintain a list of products that have been approved by the EPA's Design for the Environment program or the Green Seal program for public school facilities for use as a first preference guideline when purchasing and using environmentally-sensitive cleaning and maintenance products.
Green Cleaning: Code 8A.318 (2010) encourages all school districts to conform to an environmentally preferable cleaning policy designed to facilitate the purchase and use of environmentally preferrable cleaning and maintenance products. The law also directs all public school districts (as well as other state institutions) to conduct an evaluation and assessment regarding implementation of an environmentally preferable cleaning policy. Following the assessment, by July 2012, school districts are required to purchase only cleaning and maintenance products identified by the state Department of Administrative Services or products that meet nationally recognized standards.
281 IAC 44.4(10) (1998) requires the construction of school buses to be reasonably dustproof.
Green Cleaning: 105 ILCS 140 (2007) requires all elementary and secondary public schools and non-public schools with 50 or more students to establish a “green cleaning policy” and exclusively purchase and use environmentally-sensitive cleaning products pursuant to the guidelines and specifications for schools established by the Illinois Green Government Coordinating Council. One of the goals of “green cleaning” is to reduce the harmful chemicals that are in conventional cleaning products that contribute to indoor air pollution and are asthma triggers. If adopting a “green cleaning” policy is not economically feasible or if such adoption would result in an increase in the cleaning costs of the school, the school may request an exemption for product categories (not exemption from the requirement) in which three comparable green cleaning products are higher than the product currently in use. The exemption is valid for one year and must be renewed.
Code 16-41-37.5-2 (2009) requires the State Department of Health to adopt rules establishing indoor air quality inspection, evaluation and employee notification program to assist state agencies and schools. It also require the Department of Health to inspect a school after receiving a complaint about the school's indoor air quality, report the results of the inspection, and identify conditions that could contribute to poor air quality in the school including carbon dioxide, humidity, evidence of mold or water damage and excess dust. The Department of Health must then provide guidance on the steps the school or state agency should take to address any issues and request a response from the school within 60 days. Code 16-41-37.5-2.5 (2009) requires the Department of Health to distribute a manual of best practices of managing indoor air quality at schools as described in this section. Code 16-41-37.5-3 (2005) establishes the School Air Quality Panel, and requires the panel to assist in developing air quality improvement plans. It requires the panel to identify and make available to schools best operating practices for indoor air quality.
State Board of Education Regulation 704 KAR 4:020, Section 4 requires the local school board of education to establish adequate ventilation and control of air pollutants in all school buildings.
No state policy.
603 CMR 38:03 (no date available) requires that all capital instruction projects must implement containment procedures for dusts, gases, fumes, and other pollutants created during renovations/construction of a school building that are consistent with the "IAQ Guidelines for Occupied Buildings Under Construction."
The Massachusetts Department of Health and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health recommend that latex gloves not be used in food establishments due to severe allergic reactions in individuals sensitive to latex.
Education Code 5-301 requires the State Board of Public Works to adopt regulations establishing criteria designed to enhance IAQ in relocatable (portable) school classrooms. Requires the regulations to include specifications for preventing mold/water damage, limiting infiltration of pollutants, providing continuous ventilation, and using low-emitting building materials.
Green Cleaning: HB1363 (2009) requires local boards of education to procure, to the extent practicably and economically feasible, green product cleaning supplies for use in schools. Green product cleaning supplies are defined as those that have positive environmental attributes, including biodegradability, low toxicity, low volatile organic compound content, reduced packaging, and low life cycle energy use.
Public Law Chapter 499, Section 2.5 1742-E (1997) requires the Maine State Department of Administrative and Financial Services to provide indoor air quality assessment and mitigation oversight services for public schools. Public Law Chapter 50, H.P. 725 L.D. 945 (2001) also addresses air quality by requiring the establishment of a Task Force to Examine the Establishment and Implementation of State Standards for Indoor Air Quality in Maine Schools."
Statute Title 30-A 6006-F (2001) allows the use of the School Revolving Renovation Fund for school repair and renovation, which includes improving air quality in a school building. Statute Title 20-A 258-B (1995) allows requests to be made for an inspection of schools to test air quality according to the criteria outlined in Statute Title 20-A 258-A (1985). Similarly, Statute Title 20-A 15912 (1981) allows the commissioner to initiate an inspection if it appears that the school has failed to maintain a healthy and safe school facility. Finally, Statute Title 20-A 6302 (1991) requires each school administrative unit to ensure that heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning systems are maintained according to the state building standards code and that annual inspections of the systems are conducted.
Statute Title 26 565-A (1991) requires the Occupational Safety Rules and Regulations Board to work with the Bureau of Public Improvements to evaluate indoor air quality and ventilation in public school buildings occupied by state employees.
Green Cleaning: Resolution Chapter 32 LD 88 (2007) requires the Department of Education to compile a list of cleaning products that have been certified as meeting health-based criteria for safety and efficacy by a 3rd-party independent agency. The list should be distributed to every administrative unit on a yearly basis. Similarly, the Department must compile a list of disinfectants evaluated and considered environmentally prefered environmental products. The Department must develop and distribute recommendations for cleaning procedures that will reduce the use of toxic chemicals and improve indoor air quality while meeting performance standards for cleanliness. The Resolution requires the Department to compile and maintain a list of school administrative units that have committed to implementing a green cleaning program.
In 2003, the State Board of Education adopted the Policy on Coordinated School Health Programs to Support Academic Achievement and Healthy Schools that recommends each school district to promote a positive school climate and safe school facility by monitoring air quality in schools for molds, dust, and property humidity as part of a Coordinated School Health Program.
In 2005, the State Board of Education adopted the Policy on the Management of Asthma in Schools that recommends schools to implement best practice policies that prevent indoor and outdoor air quality problems which could include preventative maintenance on heating/cooling systems, construction and remodeling projects, bus idling, dust mites, and molds.
Act 306 of 1937 (2002) calls for the regulation of construction, reconstruction, and remodeling of school buildings in order to promote the safety, welfare, and educational interests of the people of the state.
In order to receive health and safety revenue, Statute 123B.57 (2003) requires school districts to adopt a health and safety program which must include plans for hazardous substance removal, fire and life safety code repairs, regulated facility and equipment violations, and health, safety, and environmental management, including indoor air quality management. Statute 123B.71 (2005) also requires that a school board that is proposing to construct a facility to include in its proposal a description of how indoor air quality issues have been considered.
Statute 123B.885 (2002) requires school bus operators to minimize the idling of school bus engines and exposure of children to diesel exhaust fumes. Diesel school buses must be parked and loaded at sufficient distance to prevent diesel fumes from being drawn into the school in-take air systems.
Green Cleaning: Statute 161.365 (2008) requires the Department of Education, along with other stakeholders, to establish and amend on an annual basis guidelines and specifications for green cleaning programs, including environmentallysensitive cleaning and maintenance products, paper product purchases, and equipment purchases for cleaning programs. The Department must disseminate the resulting Green Cleaning Guidelines and Specifications for Schools (2009) to each district, which in turn must disseminate to each school.
Code 41-79-31 (2010) requires local school health councils to conduct a school health needs assessment that addresses and supports the eight components of the coordinated school health model. The results of the assessment must be used in the development of long-range maintenance plans that include specific indoor air quality components for each school building. The long-range maintenance plans must be included in the local school wellness policy.
41-79-31 (2010) requires the State Department of Education to require that local school health councils adopt and support the implementation of a local school wellness policy that includes minimizing children's exposure to dust, gases, fumes and other pollutants that can aggravate asthma in the school setting. The policy must require the air quality and ventilation systems of schools to be assessed annually, which assessment may be accomplished with the EPA's Tools for Schools Indoor Air Quality Checklist. The policy also must prohibit the use of hazardous substances such as, but not limited to, chemical cleaning products and pesticides in and around school buildings during the hours that children are present at school. The policy must require all school construction projects to implement containment procedures not later than July 1, 2012, for dusts, gases, fumes and other pollutants that trigger asthma.
Code 37-17-6(2) (2000) requires school districts to provide air conditioning in all classrooms in each school.
Montana does not have a specific policy addressing indoor air quality in schools. However, MCA 50-1-206 (1977) does mandate the department of health to adopt regulations setting requirements for school sites concerning the health and physical well-being of pupils, teachers, and others visiting the school.
Statute 115C-48 (2006) requires local boards of education to adopt policies and procedures to reduce students' exposure to diesel emissions. 115C-12(34) (2006) requires the State Board of Education to study methods for mold and mildew prevention and mitigation and incorporate recommendations into the public school facilities guidelines as needed.
Statute 130A-236 (1998) requires the Commission for Health Services to adopt rules establishing sanitation requirements, which include cleanliness, adequate lighting, ventilation, and waste disposal, for public, private, and religious schools and requires the Department of Environmental and Natural Resources to conduct an annual inspection of schools.
Code 57-15-17.1 (no date available) grants permission to school boards to dedicate a tax levy for the purposes of providing funds for the repair, replacement or modification of any heating, ventilation or air-conditioning systems to provide proper air quality in school buildings.
Education Rule 306.07 (1996) requires exhaust and outdoor air ventilation and proper temperature and humidity conditions in school buildings that meet the standards set forth in Education Rule 321.18 (2005) and the state building code.
Education Rule 306.07 (1996) requires exhaust and outdoor air ventilation and proper temperature and humidity conditions in school buildings that meet the standards set forth in Education Rule 321.18 (2005) and the state building code.
N.J.A.C. 12:100-13.3 (1997) requires employers (which includes school districts according to N.J.S.A. 34:13A-3) to designate a person who is responsible for maintaining the HVAC system, implementing general or local exhaust ventilation in areas with potential chemical or particulate exposure, and assure that buildings without mechanical ventilation are maintained. N.J.S.A. 34:5A-10.2 (1997) also prohibits the use of hazardous substance in or on any public school building or grounds when children are expected to be present.
N.J.A.C. 12:100-13.5 (1997) requires employers to safeguard buildings that are occupied during renovation and construction work from the diffusion of dust, small particles, toxic gases and other harmful substances. The code further requires employers to check product labels of paints, adhesives, sealants, solvents, and other material to determine whether they contain volatile organic compounds and also requires at least 24 hours notification to be given to employees before work is performed on the building.
N.J.S.A. 52:27D-130.5 (2007) prohibits the issuance of a permit for reconstruction, alteration, conversion, or repair of any building or structure used for educational purposes if that structure was previously used for industrial, storage or high hazard purposes, a nail salon, dry cleaning facility, gasoline station, or is on a contaminated site or one suspected to be contaminated. Certain exceptions to this rule are outlined in N.J.S.A. 52:27D-130.5 (2007).
Green Cleaning: NRS 368.4195 (2009) requires the Department of Education, in consultation with other agencies and groups, to adopt regulations setting for the standards for environmentally sensitive cleaning and maintenance products for use in the cleaning of all floor surfaces in public schools. Regulations adopted must not prohibit the use of any disinfectant, santizer, antimicrobial product or other cleaning product when necessary to protect the health and welfare of the pupils and or staff. The department must provide a sample list of environmentally sensitive cleaning and maintenance products for use. Each school district must ensure that the public schools within the district use only environmentally sensitive cleaning and maintenance products in the cleaning of all floor surfaces in the public schools. Districts may apply for a 1-year waiver if the costs associated with the purchase of such products would place an undue burden on the school district or a particular school in the district.
Education Law 408 (no date available) requires the Commissioner of Education to assure school building plans and specifications for erection, purchase, repair, enlargement, or remodeling provide for heating, ventilation, sanitation, storm drainage and health, fire and accident protection adequate to maintain healthful, safe, and comfortable conditions therein." Education Law 409 (no date available) requires all school district buildings, except those in cities with 125,000 residents or more, to comply with the Commissioner's regulations for insuring the health and safety of pupils in relation to proper heating, lighting, ventilation, sanitation and health, fire and accident protection."
Commissioner's Regulation 155 (1999) requires teaching spaces be provided with a controlled supply of fresh air and have sufficient air changes to produce healthful conditions and avoid odor build-up or concentrations of toxic substances or dust particles. A comprehensive maintenance plan, which must include measures assuring good air quality, is also required. School Facility Report Cards also require schools to individually report whether they have taken measures to assure acceptable indoor air quality" (Healthy Schools Network, Inc., 2000).
Green Cleaning: Education Law 409-i (2005) requires all public and non-public elementary and secondary schools to use environmentally sensitive cleaning and maintenance products ("green clean"), with the goal of minimizing adverse impacts on children's health and the environment. The commissioner of general services to must establish and regularly amend guidelines for the purchase and use of environmentally sensitive cleaning and maintenance products, and provide a sample list to schools of products that meet these requirements.
OAC 3701-36-19 (2001) allows each board of health to provide school health services that provides a safe and healthful environment.
No state policy.
No state policy.
No state policy. However, the Department of Health does provide a manual "Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality in Pennsylvania Schools."
School buildings are subject to the provisions of Statute 23-24.5 and the Rules and Regulations for Asbestos Control (2007), promulgated by the Rhode Island Department of Health. See Section 26.0 of the Rules and Regulations for School Health (2009).
No state policy.
No state policy.
Code 49-2-121 (2005) encourages each school district to conduct an inspection and evaluation program for its facilities. Such program could be the Environmental Protection Agency's Indoor Air Quality Tools for Schools Program.
Health & Safety Code 385.002 (2001) requires the State Board of Health to establish voluntary guidelines for ventilation and indoor air pollution control systems in government buildings, which includes school districts according to Code 385.001 (2001).
No state policy.
No state policy.
Act 125 (2000) requires the commissions of buildings and general services, education, and health to develop a model school environmental health policy that includes an annual health audit of school buildings and grounds reported to the commissioner, the establishment of a school environmental health plan to resolve indoor air quality problems, and the implementation of an integrated pest management with information about least-toxic and nontoxic materials and control plan. It also directs the Commissioners of Health, of Education, and of Buildings and General Services to create and maintain a clearinghouse website to help identify potential sources of environmental pollution, and operate the schools in a way that create a healthy indoor air.
Green Cleaning: S92 (2012) defines green cleaning and requires anyone who who sells products or provides services for cleaning a school to sell or use only "environmentally preferrable" green cleaning products and air freshners, designated as such by a third party.
23 VSA 1282 (2007) prohibits the operator of a school bus from idling while waiting for children to board or exit the vehicle at a school. The operator may not start the engine until ready to leave the school premises. Exceptions to this include circumstances that reasonably require the idling of the engine, such as periods when it is necessary to operate defrosting, heating or cooling equipment to ensure the health or safety of the driver or passengers, to operate auxiliary equipment, and when the engine is undergoing maintenance or inspection. This rule does not affect vehicles other than school busses while on school premises.
Wisconsin Act 96 (2009) requires the Department of Public Instruction to develop a model management plan for indoor environmental quality (IEQ) and required school districts and private schools participating in the private school choice programs to adopt and implement plans. The model plan suggests that schools address standardized reporting of concerns; crisis communication plans; the development of policies; facility maintenance including chemical use, HVAC systems, and mold; prevention; and construction.
Statute 101.12 (no date available) requires approval of the Department of Commerce of new building plans to comply with building codes for the design of a safe building. Some of the areas reviewed include heating, ventilation, air conditioning and exhaust systems, grandstands, bleachers and fire detection.
Statute 121.02(1)(i) (no date available) requires facilities to comply with Statutes 254.11 (no date available) to 254.178 (1999) which pertain to lead and asbestos.
More generally, Code PI 8.01(2)(i) (2004) requires the school board to adopt and implement a long range plan outlining how their facilities will be maintained at a safe and healthful level. it requires the school board to comply with all relevant regulations, codes and orders of the state and local governments.
Board Policy 6201 (2000) highly recommends carpeting be restricted in public school buildings to the following areas: classrooms for grades K-2, computer labs, libraries/media centers, teachers' lounges, auditorium aisles and walkways, music rehearsal rooms, and administrative offices.
Board Policy 4336 (12) (2004) prohibits school bus idling while waiting for or loading students.
Code 18-9E-5 (no date available) requires the state board, in consultation with the division of health, to develop rules requiring each county board to investigate all indoor air quality problem reports within the county.
Rule 3991, Chapter 2, Section 6 (2000) requires the construction of a school bus to be "reasonably dust-proof".
